Early Life Essays - Richard Nixon, American Quakers,

Early Life Richard Milhous Nixon grew up in Yorba, California the son of Quakers Frank and Hannah Nixon. During Nixon's childhood in Yorba, the family was always on the edge of poverty. The lemon grove was unfruitful, and there was little money for anything beyond food and clothing for the growing family. The Nixons never ate in a restaurant or took even a brief vacation. Nixon's early life was one of boyish stubbornness. He swam in the dangerous Anaheim Canal in spite of repeated warnings from his father, and he insisted upon standing up to ride in the family wagon, although once a fall gave him a serious head injury. He displayed a competitive streak at an early age and would never turn down a challenge or a dare. He also loved to be read to, and after age five he could read on his own. National Geographic was his favorite magazine. Education Nixon graduated form high school in 1930. He possessed extraordinary intelligence and ambition, but his ambitious nature received a serious setback that year. He graduated first in his class and won his high school's Harvard Club award as "best all-around student." The award was a scholarship to Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In addition, he seemed likely to win a scholarship to Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Nixon had dreamed for years of going to a famous college in the East, but his dreams were shattered when he had to turn down both opportunities. Because his older brother Harold's long battle with tuberculous had drained the family's funds there was no money to pay for the cost of traveling to the East Coast and living there. Nixon swallowed his disappointment and enrolled at nearby Whittier College. Nixon majored in history, and one of his history professors had a profound influence on his career. This was Dr. Paul Smith, whom Nixon called "the greatest intellectual inspiration of my early years." Smith was a Republican who urged his students to think about the importance of leadership in government. He encouraged them to consider entering public office, and he certainly helped turn Nixon's thoughts in that direction. In 1934 Nixon graduated from Whittier College after four years on the honor roll. He applied for a scholarship to a new law school, at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, and asked several of his professors to write to Duke, recommending him for a scholarship. Thanks to one convincing letter from the president of Whittier College saying that Richard Nixon would become a great American leader someday, Nixon was given a scholarship to Duke Law School. After his third year at Duke, Nixon graduated from Duke Law School in 1937. Nixon was ranked third in his class of 25 students. Immediately after graduating, he passed the California Bar Exam which every lawyer wishing to practice law in California must pass. Positions held before the Presidency After passing the bar exam, he practiced law in Whittier, California, and briefly served with the Office of Price Administration before enlisting in the U.S. Navy during World War II. In 1947, Nixon won a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives in a campaign noted for his accusation that his Democratic opponent was supported by Communists. As a member of the House Committee on Un-American Activities, he gained fame for his part in the Alger Hiss spy case. He went on to the U.S. Senate in 1951, again after suggesting that his Democratic opponent was tainted by Communist associations. Nixon became Eisenhower's vice-president in 1952 and was unusually visible and active in that role. In 1958, he faced down hostile demonstrations in Peru and Venezuela, and in 1959 he had his famous kitchen debate with Khrushchev at an American exhibit in Moscow. After narrowly losing the presidency to Kennedy in 1960, Nixon lost a bid for governor of California in 1962, a loss which appeared to be the end of his political career. Accomplishments of his Presidency Some of Nixon's most acclaimed achievements came in his quest for world stability. During visits in 1972 to Beijing and Moscow, he reduced tensions with China and the U.S.S.R. His summit meetings with Russian leader Leonid I. Brezhnev produced a treaty to limit strategic nuclear weapons. In January 1973, he announced an

WASHINGTON Surname Origin and Last Name Meaning

WASHINGTON Surname Origin and Last Name Meaning The Washington surname is believed to have originated with the English place name Washington, the name of a parish in Durham, five miles from Gateshead, and also of a parish in Sussex, ten miles from Shoreham. The original bearer of this surname could, therefore, have hailed from either of these places. The Washington place name itself is derived from the Old English personal name wassa, which means hunting, combined with the locative suffix -thn, meaning settlement, homestead. Another possible origin for the place name comes from weis, meaning wash, or the shallow part of a river, plus ing, or a meadow or low ground, and ton, for dun, a hill or town.  Thus the place name Washington could have been used to describe a town located on a wash or creek. Alternate Surname Spellings:  WASHINTON, WASSINGTON, WASSINGETON Surname Origin: English Where the Washington Surname Is Found According to  WorldNames public profiler, the Washington surname is most popular in the United States, especially in the District of Columbia, followed by Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Alabama. Outside of the U.S., the largest numbers of individuals as a percentage of the total population are found in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom (most particularly in England). Famous People with the Washington Surname Booker T. Washington - educator and civil rights activistDenzel Washington - American film actorKenny Washington -  one of two black athletes to reintegrate the NFL in 1946 Genealogy Resources for the Surname WASHINGTON Meanings of Common English Surnames: Uncover the meaning of your English last name with this free guide to English surname meanings and origins for the most common English surnames.Washington: the Blackest Name in America: Huffington Post article discussion statistics from the 2000 U.S. census which points to 90% percent of individuals with the Washington surname identifying as African-American, a much higher percentage than with other common last names.Washington Surname DNA Project: The Washington Surname DNA Project originally began as a means for two different Washington family lines to try and determine if they were related through Y-DNA testing. Since that time, additional Washington families have joined the project.  WASHINGTON Family Genealogy Forum: This free message board is focused on descendants of Washington ancestors around the world.FamilySearch - WASHINGTON Genealogy: Search or browse for free access to 1.6 million digitized records and lineage-linked family trees f or the Washington surname on FamilySearch.org, the website of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. WASHINGTON Surname Mailing List: Free mailing list for researchers of the Washington surname and its variations includes subscription details and searchable archives of past messages.DistantCousin.com - WASHINGTON Genealogy Family History: Free databases and genealogy links for the last name Washington.The Washington Genealogy and Family Tree Page: Browse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Washington surname from the website of Genealogy Today.Looking for the meaning of a given name? Check out First Name MeaningsCant find your last name listed? Suggest a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins. References Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David. Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph. Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Crime on the streets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Crime on the streets - Essay Example There are cases in which a person coming from a problematic heredity has been developed a sound healthy personality. On the other hand we have stories of persons who were brought up in a malicious environment became good citizens. Consumerism has conquered the current world and the advancement in science and technology has raised the living standards. Poor people always watch the rich ones with surprise and jealousy. The thirst for such higher living standards and the negligence suffering from the society will force them to adopt any kind of activities in order to earn money irrespective of good or bad. Urban areas are more volatile to violence and criminal activities compared to rural areas. Persons living in areas with heavy concentrations of the very poor, experience anomie: a state of normlessness. The poor youths in such areas may not have good jobs and education which prevent them from achieving higher living standards. But their expectations and targets will always exceeds what actually they deserved or capable of achieving which may force them to engage in criminal activities. Rich people normally stay in urban areas with high degree of living standards. The poor around such rich community often come across with such higher living standards which eluded them because of their poverty. Desperations will creep up and the poor, especially the youths who have more frustrations compared to the older people, may start criminal activities like robbery, theft and pick pocketing. But poverty alone cannot be sited as the reasons for criminalization of poor urban youths. A persons poverty may very well shape other life experiences and life choices, but it has very little direct influence on criminal behaviour. For example, we have lot of examples in which even the richest people engaged in violent criminal activities. â€Å"Abused and neglected

Drivers Influencing SMEs in the UK Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Drivers Influencing SMEs in the UK - Term Paper Example To begin with, the UK is a developed country that is considered economically stable and highly competitive in the global market. In fact, in 2008 it was ranked in terms of nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the European region. In addition, it is the sixth largest economy globally in terms of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) (Excellis Business Consulting, 2009). The country is a member of some of the most prominent organisations in the world including the European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Security Council, World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the G8 (Excellis Business Consulting, 2009). The country’s population was slightly below 50 million according to a census conducted in 2008 and ranked third in the EU (Excellis Business Consulting, 2009). The UK remains one of the proficient players in the global economy after recovering from the economic and political effects of the two world wars. Manufacturing is a key component of the UK economy however, it can be noted that it only accounted for approximately 13 percent of the output in 2003. The industry also contributes nearly half of the exports and ? 150 billion annually (Excellis Business Consulting, 2009). This trend has led to the increased levels of transfer of the UK manufacturing base and foreign ownership. In recent times, UK based companies are no longer the leaders in the manufacturing sector. Nevertheless, the UK still ranked sixth worldwide with regards to Gross Value Added (GVA) and manufacturing output (Excellis Business Consulting, 2009). Most conventional manufacturing companies have evolved into new activities such as silicon design, silicon design, in-flight refueling systems, and Bluetooth technology. Other manufacturers have engaged in the development of state of the art technologies in nanotechnology, information technology, and communication. In 2006, 25 percent of the exports were in the high technology class compared to 22 percent in the US and 15 percent in France (Excellis Business Consulting, 2009. Globalisation has both positive and negative impacts on SMEs. It poses numerous challenges such as increased competition and exposes the economy to pressures in the global economy such as recessions (Beise, 2004). Globalization allows for the free trade and global companies can trade in the UK market resulting in increased competition (Dicken, 2007:5). This affects the viability and competitiveness of SMEs. Owing to the fact that SMEs are in search of uncontested market space, globalization leads to an increase in the number of players in the market and this increases the level of competition faced by the SMEs thereby negatively affecting profitability. Through globalization, the global economy is viewed as one entity hence if there is an economic crisis in one economy it is likely to have a ripple effect on other economies. This means that SMEs are more e xposed to global economic crises owing to the rising trend of globalization (Dicken, 2007:5). These are the negative impacts of globalization on SMEs.

Should the university cancel on-line courses Essay - 1

Should the university cancel on-line courses - Essay Example The results of such studies insinuated that the positive perception regarding online education has continued to grow. Apart from the previously mentioned driving factors, the study also revealed that its growth is facilitated by the increase in the adult population who seek education. It has also grown because most school leaders have endorsed it as an equally competitive option. Above all, the advancement in the information technology concepts has triggered the adoption of online education. This paper focuses on discussing whether universities and colleges should cancel online courses. The initial theory and stand of the argument is that online education provides an alternative that is equally competitive in every aspect compared to the traditional or classroom learning approach. For this reason, higher learning institutions should not cancel online education. One of the most obvious reasons why online courses should not be rescinded is owed to the flexibility and convenience presented by the education system (Ni, 205). The learning system allows individuals who have tight schedules such as working mothers, to access education at their convenient time. Other people who exist in the same category include managers and students who wish to pursue multiple courses at the same time. In this context, such people can access education without interfering with other equally important agendas. On the same context, it helps students to access education without being inconvenienced by longer distances of separation between the location of the institutions and their locations. Secondly, it provides alternatives for students who cannot find their preferred courses in the universities near them without having to relocate to other regions. Studying online is also advantageous because the web is full of different kinds of information that may support students study progress.

Short Answers to Questions on providing nursing care for clients

Short Answers to Questions on providing nursing care for clients Treatment provided to manage pain and alleviate suffering experienced by a person dying. Palliative care is a unique moment in life where emphasis is on the journey not the destiny. In adopting a holistic approach to care practice the nurse can support the essence of the individual by ensuring their comfort and needs are met within an environment conducive to stages of end of life living. (Harris, Nagy Vardaxis 2006, p.1274). b) How does the practice of palliative care differ from acute care for the nursing staff? Although death occurs in both practices, expectations of the client by the nursing staff would be significantly reduced in palliative care as the body is in a progressive degenerative state contrary to the acute setting where increases in body functions indicate recovery and expedite discharge (Harris, Nagy Vardaxis 2006, p.28 p.1274). c) What ethical issues may staff face while working in a palliative setting? Contradictions of core values, defining and segregating personal assumptions and professional development of nursing staff would be continuously challenged in a palliative setting. Politics, global economics and organisational constraints would also impinge on ethical issues faced by staff (Johnstone 2006, pp. 130-134). d) What personal care strategies may nurses need to employ to help them deal with the unique stresses related to working in palliative care? Strategies to reduce stress include regular physical exercise, maintenance of a nutritional eating plan, personal hygiene and routine sleep patterns-albeit shift work is disruptive. Acknowledge self-worth either by indulging in a regular luxury or personal time out. Participate in grieving, team de-briefing and grief counselling. Understanding human foibles and maintaining a sense of humour can improve coping skills required to deal with stress (McMurray 2005, p.101). e) How can reflective practice be of benefit to nurses in the palliative care settings? Observational skills are heightened when consciously aware of environment and subjectivity can increase the ability to improve outcomes by manipulation. Reflection allows for self and procedural evaluation and promotes resilience. Experience in the clinical care setting combines theory with practical knowledge which can increase coping mechanisms required by the nurse to evolve and adapt to perpetual change (Usher Holmes 2006, pp. 100-105). Q 2 a) List three pathophysiological changes that you may observe while caring for a client in the last few weeks or days of life care? Three changes that may be observed in end life care include; Anorexia-loss of appetite, Akinesia-absence of movement and Atrophy-decrease in muscle and body mass (Porth 2005, p.1501). b) How do palliative illnesses such as cancer affect a persons ability to perform ADLs? The presence of disease, retention of chemical therapy, controlled medication all exacerbate chronic fatigue alienating mind from body increasing frustration borne from the inability to perform activities of daily living. At all stages of disease the body is fighting to compensate perpetuating fatigue encouraging systemic changes that cannot be regulated to resonate throughout the system. One example would be the inability to swallow caused by either obstruction or medication affecting respiration and appetite, creating chemical imbalances in the stomach and along the gastrointestinal tract with further complications resulting in the bowel (Tollefson 2005, pp. 908-911) (Mott 2005, pp. 1379-1380.) c) What interventions and or equipment may be used to support palliative clients to perform ADLs? Equipment may include frames, walkers, lifters, trapeze bars, thickeners in fluids, pureed food, prompts with ablutions and routines. Enable continuity in care by providing succinct habits in documentation and communication with all staff members. Continuous assessment to identify pain, symptoms and recovery times following exertion will assist the nurse in educating and supporting client losses and create realistic alternatives to manage ADLs while encouraging client autonomy. (Mott 2005, pp. 1385-1396). d) How do palliative clients hydration and nutritional needs differ from acute clients particularly during end of life care? Nutrition and hydration needs of the palliative client fluctuate as the effects of anxiety, depression and futility of disease progress. Decline in the bodys need and tolerance for nutrition and hydration which eventuates to mouth swabs and ice chips is compounded by continual bed rest, medication and immobility, further disabling the bodys ability to secrete hormones required to regulate and balance homeostasis and avoid organ failure. Generally with acute care clients, the body is capable of compensating single organ failure by intervening with appropriate responses. Interventions by the body include mobilisation of body defences and an increase in metabolism which requires a balance of nutrition and hydration to promote healing (Tollefson 2005, pp. 1245-1252). Q 3 Case Study Mr Klamic a) What would be the benefits of offering a grief counsellor to Mr. Klamic and his family? Particular benefits of offering grief counselling is that it can allow all family members to address unresolved issues of disillusion and resentment associated with loss. A grief counsellor helps the family understand the processes involved by exploring coping mechanisms, strengthening communication skills, and forming allegiances (Griffiths Crookes 2006, pp. 185-189). b) What would be the benefits of discussing the spiritual and cultural aspects of Mr. Klamics care with Mr. Klamic and his family. Recognition and understanding of specific cultural needs by the nurse will encourage a therapeutic relationship with the client and his family which will facilitate in appropriate care for Mr. Klamic. Promoting inclusion can empower the family to actively participate in care. An example of benefits regarding discussing spiritual needs would be rituals associated with religion as in the administration of Holy Communion and Last Rites (Omeri 2006, pp. 277-280). c) Discuss the grieving process and how it might differ for each of the parties involved, Mr. Klamic, his wife and children. Experience associated with the transition of dying and death is unique and the impact on the surviving family members needs to be acknowledged and addressed. Although Mr Klamics children no longer live at home, the family structure is fractured, dynamics within the family will shift, behavioural changes may occur as perceptions of role in life, become displaced (Mooney 2005, pp. 559-568). d) What significant others or community services could the nurse access for support in the grieving process for Mr. Klamic and his family. Community support services could include, a senior member of the families religious affiliation which would offer pastoral care, Polish associations also offer support with members volunteering their time to friendship visits, respite for family members, Centrelink financial support, Family Services can advise on government assisted funeral schemes, Domicillary help with house, garden and shopping (SA Community Connecting Up Australia 2009, website). e) Why is it important to consider language barriers when information needs to be discussed with a client and their family? Client confidentiality requires medically trained health care translators be appointed when there is a language barrier. Informed consent relies on the understanding of medical information received by the client and their family. Other obstacles that need to be considered with language barriers are loved ones protecting client or denial by client, cultural and religious beliefs, personal and or vested interests by other parties (Dowd, Eckermann Jeffs 2005, pp. 131-137). f) How does pain management in the palliative setting differ from in the acute setting? The goal in palliative care is to comfort and alleviate whereas the focus in acute care is on rehabilitation albeit pain management is ultimately directed by the opinion of the Doctors will. Managing pain with the palliative client requires administration prior, to prevent increases in suffering. Timing of administration when moderated appropriately may reduce dosage required for continual pain control. Generally in acute care initial aggressive pain management is required to stimulate the body, inducing healing processes. Increased homeostasis enables mobility of the body which is beneficial in reducing pain management as the clients body avails to strategies implemented (Tollefson 2005, pp. 1188-1189). g) Other than Opioid use what other strategies may be employed to manage Mr. Klamics pain? All forms of diversional therapy warrant investigation and use of if client is agreeable. Simple strategies of holding a hand, giving a gentle hug, listening, participation in a chat or debate of interest to client, encourage journaling-written or taped, arouse interest in unexplored possibilities. Initiate changes to environment so the client can absorb and enjoy the seasons or an excursion outside in the elements. Massage, aroma, visualisation and music therapy, are alternatives that may be offered to Mr. Klamic to increase his comfort. Guidelines for implementing therapies will probably vary between organisations, prior reference to policies and procedure is recommended (Taylor 2005, pp. 896-900). h) Other than patient statements, what are some of the observations and assessment nurses may use to gauge a patients pain level? Regular assessment of vital signs, deep sadness watery eyes, pallor of the skin, grinding of teeth, flinching and clenching of extremities, irregularities in breathing , inability to find comfort or solace and foetal curling. Listening to and enquiring with family members of noticeable pain. Reduce external irritants and monitor signs on skin; pressure areas, pallor, cyanosis, jaundice, heat and beads of sweat. Reference to medication, pain (Wong Baker) and behavioural charts and levels of participation in activities of daily living may help to gauge clients pain levels (Tollefson 2005, pp. 1183-1198). i) What are the Enrolled nurses responsibilities when caring for a patient with a morphine infusion? Responsibilities include ensuring machine is functioning and calibrated in accordance to pharmacy order and that pain is being controlled and frequently reassessed. Cannulation tube should be free of kinks and the area surrounding the site of insertion is devoid of redness, heat, swelling and pain. Co-signing record of use of a schedule 8 drug on register and reporting variants, adverse reactions and side effects to the Registered Nurse while implementing the five rights of medication are mandatory of the Enrolled nurse working within their scope of practice (Tollefson 2005, p.1210) (Davis, 2005, pp. 874-881) (ANMC, 2007 p.2). Q 4 a) How does Mr Klamics diagnosis affect his ability to be an organ donor? Although Mr. Klamics diagnosis impedes his ability to donate organs and tissue to a living recipient, it may be possible for him to donate himself in entirety to science. Criteria for scientific donation would be assessed on an individual basis by the receiving school of medicine and would require prior contact between Mr. Klamic and or his power of attorney and the particular institution. (The University of Adelaide School of Medical Sciences 2011, website) (Australasian Transplant Co-ordinators Association Incorporated 2006, website). b) When may an autopsy be required in the palliative setting? Who carries out the autopsy, who gives permission for the autopsy? Several occasions when an autopsy is performed include times when death occurred within 24 hours of seeking emergency treatment and or discharge from a hospital, residents of licensed residential facilities and residential homes where cause of death was unable to be certified by a doctor or qualified paramedic. An autopsy is performed by a medical pathologist under the direction of the State Coroner to establish precise cause of death. The Coroners Act 2003 permits the autopsy, delays can occur when objections raised by next of kin warrant consideration by the State Coroner (Courts Administration Authority of South Australia-Coroners Court 2011, website). c) What is an Advanced Health Directive? An Advanced Care Directive or Living Will is a legal document notarised at a time when a person is sound of mind, eighteen years or over in age. In this document the bearer states in advance how their future personal needs are to be met, if and when an event fails them to do so. Advantage of the ACD is it allows the person to control preferences of medical treatment while releasing others of decision making responsibility (Attorney-Generals Department 2011, website). d) Which legislation governs the provision of palliative care? Legislation governing palliative care in South Australia is the Consent to Medical Treatment and Palliative Care Act 1995 and Schedules under the Act 1995. Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, Power of Attorney and Agency Act 1984, Coroners Act 2003, Controlled Substances Act 1984, and Drugs of Dependence Regulations (Australasian Legal Information Institute 2011, website). e) Care delivery in the palliative care setting is governed by the policies and procedures of the Hospital. What kind of situations may these policies deal with? Situations that may be in Hospital policies include admissions, discharge and patient care documentation, client rights, dying with dignity, standards of care, clinical procedures, informed consent advanced health directives, death certification, code blue and met calls, do not resuscitate requests, bereavement, use of complimentary therapies, life prolonging intervention, organ donation, O.H. Safety, equity and diversity, grievances, cultural safety, risk management, staffing, nursing informatics and hospital emergencies (Royal Adelaide Hospital 2010, website).

Brontës Depiction of Women in Jane Eyre :: essays research papers

In Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « uses the female characters to convey her views on Victorian conventions of womanhood. She does this initially by using first-person narrative to help us see the characters in their true form. In this essay I'm going to explain how Brontà « uses the character Jane as porthole for her own views and beliefs. During the period Jane Eyre was set, the 1840's, it was conventional that women were inferior to men and were not entitled to their own opinions or freedom of mind. Brontà « uses Blanche Ingram as an example of a typical woman of the time and the consequences of being so are shown throughout. Brontà « argues this view in her preface that ?conventionality is not morality,? this means that what society may think is widely accepted and respectable, is not necessarily what is right, and she creates Jane Eyre as an example of a woman who believes just this but who has, in the end, become more successful than Blanche. Women in the 19th Century were expected to be beautiful and accomplished or they were nothing. Their decisions were made for them and their work was in the home. Charlotte Brontà « thought this immoral and believed that women should be admired for who they are, not what they look like. To highlight this point she uses the character Blanche Ingram, a young lady ?moulded like a Dian?. When reading of Blanche, we are not presented with a complimentary description, for although many other people may describe her as a beautiful, young and accomplished woman, we hear her description from the voice of Jane, who evidently tends to analyse people with a much deeper meaning than just their appearance, and although Jane does admit that Blanche is young and beautiful, she also describes her to be self-centred and inconsiderate towards others - including Mr. Rochester - to who she appears to show no emotion. This is noticeably illustrated when Jane has been observing Blanche and notes that ?her laugh was satirical and so was the habitual expression of her arched and haughty lip?. The choice of the word ?habitual? shows us that this sort of action is typical of her and that she often acts haughty and satirical. The reader immediately feels contempt for Blanche after this observation, as it portrays her to be arrogant and pretentious, especially as it was an action made towards Adele, who is a described to be a sweet young girl who Jane is fond of. Brontà «'s Depiction of Women in Jane Eyre :: essays research papers In Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « uses the female characters to convey her views on Victorian conventions of womanhood. She does this initially by using first-person narrative to help us see the characters in their true form. In this essay I'm going to explain how Brontà « uses the character Jane as porthole for her own views and beliefs. During the period Jane Eyre was set, the 1840's, it was conventional that women were inferior to men and were not entitled to their own opinions or freedom of mind. Brontà « uses Blanche Ingram as an example of a typical woman of the time and the consequences of being so are shown throughout. Brontà « argues this view in her preface that ?conventionality is not morality,? this means that what society may think is widely accepted and respectable, is not necessarily what is right, and she creates Jane Eyre as an example of a woman who believes just this but who has, in the end, become more successful than Blanche. Women in the 19th Century were expected to be beautiful and accomplished or they were nothing. Their decisions were made for them and their work was in the home. Charlotte Brontà « thought this immoral and believed that women should be admired for who they are, not what they look like. To highlight this point she uses the character Blanche Ingram, a young lady ?moulded like a Dian?. When reading of Blanche, we are not presented with a complimentary description, for although many other people may describe her as a beautiful, young and accomplished woman, we hear her description from the voice of Jane, who evidently tends to analyse people with a much deeper meaning than just their appearance, and although Jane does admit that Blanche is young and beautiful, she also describes her to be self-centred and inconsiderate towards others - including Mr. Rochester - to who she appears to show no emotion. This is noticeably illustrated when Jane has been observing Blanche and notes that ?her laugh was satirical and so was the habitual expression of her arched and haughty lip?. The choice of the word ?habitual? shows us that this sort of action is typical of her and that she often acts haughty and satirical. The reader immediately feels contempt for Blanche after this observation, as it portrays her to be arrogant and pretentious, especially as it was an action made towards Adele, who is a described to be a sweet young girl who Jane is fond of.